Gary Warren Hart (born Gary Warren Hartpence ; November 28, 1936) is an American politician, diplomat, and lawyer. He is probably best known for being the frontrunner for the 1988 Democratic presidential nomination until he resigns over alleged extramarital affair with Donna Rice. He represented Colorado in the United States Senate from 1975 to 1987.
Born in Ottawa, Kansas, he pursued a legal career in Denver, Colorado, after graduating from Yale Law School. He succeeds Sen. George McGovern's successful campaign for the 1972 Democratic presidential nomination and McGovern's failed election campaign against President Richard Nixon. Hart defeated ruling Republican Senator Peter Dominick in the 1974 Senate election in Colorado. In the Senate, he served on the Church Committee and led a Senate inquiry into the Three Mile Island crash. After winning re-election in 1980, he sponsored the Semiconductor Chip Protection Act of 1984, known as "Atari Democrat."
Hart sought the nomination of the Democratic presidential nominee in 1984, narrowly defeated from his fight with Vice President Walter Mondale. Hart refused to seek re-election to the Senate in 1986 and sought the nomination of the Democratic presidential nomination in 1988. He was widely seen as a front runner until reports of extramarital affairs, and Hart resigned from the race in May 1987. -centralized in the race in December 1987 but withdrew from the race again after suffering bad luck in early preliminary elections.
Hart returned to private practice after the 1988 election and served in various public roles. He co-leads the Hart-Rudman Task Force at Homeland Security, assigned to the Domestic Security Advisory Council, and is the US Special Envoy to Northern Ireland. He holds a doctorate in politics from Oxford University and has written for outlets such as Huffington Post. He also wrote several books, including biography of President James Monroe. Hart has been married to Lee (Ludwig) since 1958 and has two grown children.
Video Gary Hart
Early life and legal career
Hart was born in Ottawa, Kansas, son of Nina (nÃÆ' Â © e Pritchard) and Carl Riley Hartpence, a seller of agricultural equipment. As a young man, he works as a laborer on the railroad. He and his father changed their last name to "Hart" in 1961 because "Hart is much easier to remember than Hartpence." Raised in the Church of Nazareth (which he eventually left in 1968), he won a scholarship to Bethany, Oklahoma-affiliated Bethany Nazarene College (now Southern Nazarene University) in 1954 and graduated with a degree in philosophy in 1958. He met his wife Oletha (Lee) Ludwig, there, and they married in 1958. Initially intending to enter the service of Nazareth, he received BD (equivalent to the contemporary M.Div) of the Yale Divinity School in 1961 before taking LL.B. (equivalent to contemporary J.D.) from Yale Law School in 1964.
Hart became attorney for the US Justice Department from 1964 to 1965, and received in the bars of Colorado and the District of Columbia in 1965. He is a special assistant attorney United States Department of the Interior from 1965 to 1967. He then entered the practice private law in Denver, Colorado, at the firm of Davis Graham & amp; Stubbs.
George McGovern's presidential campaign in 1972
After the 1968 National Democratic Convention in Chicago, US Senator George McGovern of South Dakota led a commission revising the Democratic presidential nomination structure. The new structure weakened the influence of old-style party bosses like Chicago Mayor Richard J. Daley, who was able to choose for himself a delegate of national conventions and dictate how they voted. The new rules make the caucus a process in which relatively new entrants can participate without paying contributions to establish party organizations.
In the 1972 general election, McGovern named Hart as director of his national campaign. Together with Rick Stearns, a new system expert, they decided on a strategy to focus on the 28 states that hold caucuses instead of the primary election. They feel the nature of caucus makes them easier (and cheaper) to win if they target their efforts. Although their main election strategy proved successful in winning the nomination, McGovern will continue to lose the 1972 presidential election in one of the most severe elections in US history.
Maps Gary Hart
US Senator
In 1974, Hart ran for the United States Senate, challenging the two-time President Peter Dominick. Hart was aided by Colorado's tendency toward Democrats during the early 1970s, as well as Dominick's continued support for the unpopular President Richard Nixon and concerns about senator's age and health. In the election, Hart won by a wide margin (57.2% to Dominick's 39.5%) and immediately labeled as a new star. He got a seat on the Armed Services Committee, and was an early supporter of reforms for bidding for military contracts, as well as advocates for the military using smaller, more moving weapons and equipment, compared to traditional large-scale items. He also served on the Environment and Public Works Committee and the Senate Intelligence Committee. From 1975 to 1976 Hart was a member of the post-Watergate Church Committee that investigated violations by the Central Intelligence Agency, the National Security Agency, the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Internal Revenue Service. Hart served as chairman of the Senate Subcommittee on Nuclear Regulation. He flew over a Three Mile Island nuclear reactor near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, in an Army helicopter several times with minority member Alan K. Simpson during the metonym nuclear accident and led the next Senate investigation into the incident.
In 1980, he sought a second term. In a surprise, his Republican opponent was Colorado Foreign Minister Mary Estill Buchanan, a moderate candidate who narrowly defeated a more conservative option, Howard "Bo" Callaway, in the main party, with less than 2,000 primary votes. Fourteen years earlier, Callaway had become a Republican governor candidate in his native Georgia. Callaway in the early 1970s had bought and run an elegant resort in Crested Butte. Buchanan hit Hart out loud for supporting the Panama Canal Agreement and supporting President Jimmy Carter in 80% of his Senate vote. Buchanan is charged in a campaign ad about Hart: "He chose one way and talked another when he came back here.He is a liberal, carpetbagger McGovernite." Hart replied that Buchanan's allegations reflect his narrow view and insisted that his campaign would rise above partiality. Hart said in a campaign ad: "I will not ignore it We will interact and debate, but I will run a campaign for the 1980s What is the plan for the environment For national defense For the economy It takes me a year or more to formulate ideas -ide me. "In the end, Hart won thinly, with 50.2% of the vote for his opponent 49.8%.
On 2 December 1981, Hart was one of four senators to vote against amendments to President Reagan's MX missile proposal that would divert the silos system by $ 334 million and provide further research for other methods that would allow giant missiles to be based. The election was seen as a rejection of the Reagan administration.
Hart sponsored the 1984 Semiconductor Chip Protection Act with Senator Charles Mathias, signed into law. The act creates a new category of intellectual property rights that creates an integrated circuit layout that is legally protected during registration, and therefore illegal to copy without permission. These Silicon Valley chips are protected from cheap foreign imitations. Similar legislation has been proposed in every Congress since 1979. This led to Hart being called the leader of the Atari Democratic Party.
Conservative Republican Senator Barry Goldwater said of Hart, "You can disagree with him politically, but I have never met a more honest and more moral man."
Hart, such as Walter Mondale and Jesse Jackson, pro-choice about the problem of abortion.
Citing the possibility of increased armed conflict in the Persian Gulf and his reluctance to "stay in the Senate and grant the appropriate powers and funds to send youth like my son to go to war," Hart applied for a commission in the United States Navy. Program Status List Active Backup Standby backup in the late 1970s. He has passed the age limit of 38 years and has not accumulated previous military experience; Moreover, in contrast to the reasons it states, this category "will not be immediately called in terms of mobilization." By mutual agreement, Hart and the United States Navy Minister Edward Hidalgo postponed the consideration of the request until after the 1980 election. His application contained the wrong birth date (November 28, 1937) that he had been using inconsistent documents for 15 years.
Upon reelection, Hart accepted an age negligence from Hidalgo and was assigned as a lieutenant (junior class) at the Judge General Advisory Corps on December 4, 1980. The commission brought "no payments or allowances." Although Hart attempted to be assigned at the level of the field officer commander or lieutenant commander (according to his contemporaries in Congress who had served in World War II and the Korean War), Judge General Advocate General John S. Jenkins advised Hidalgo to assign Hart a lower rank because he "does not bring to any very unusual program so we can recommend appointment in a higher class." However, then-US. The Naval Senate's liaison officer John McCain (who maintained a close relationship with Hart in that capacity, by staging his own political career) defended in a 1984 interview that the appointment of field officials would be "appropriate". After ten days of active duty with the US Sixth Fleet in August 1981, Hart was promoted to lieutenant on 1 January 1982. Experts such as Rowland Evans and Robert Novak suggested that Hart's appointment was a cynical political maneuver designed to "clean up deck biographies" for presidential elections 1984 in an era in which military service was regarded as a tacit prerequisite for the presidency.
In a 2007 commentary for HuffPost, Hart asserted that his desire to "better understand and communicate with our troops" was the primary motivation for his appointment. Though he "does not routinely fulfill his backup duties" and "chooses not to present this experience in subsequent campaigns," he stated that his ministry "really helps him appreciate what our military does to make us safer."
1984 presidential campaign
In February 1983, during his second term Hart announced his candidacy for president in the 1984 presidential election. At the time of his announcement, Hart was a little-known and almost unacceptable senator over 1 percent in a poll against more notable candidates such as Walter Mondale, John Glenn and Jesse Jackson. To cope with this situation, Hart began campaigning early in New Hampshire, making an unprecedented broadcasting tour in late September, a few months before the main visit. This strategy attracted national media attention for his campaign, and by the end of 1983 he had improved moderately in the polls into the middle of the field, largely at the expense of candidates Glenn and Alan Cranston. Mondale won the Iowa caucus at the end of January, but Hart did a poll on an honorable 16 percent. Two weeks later, in primary New Hampshire, he surprised many party and media establishments by defeating Mondale by 10 percentage points. Hart immediately became Mondale's principal challenger to the nomination and seemed to have momentum on his side.
Hart's media campaign was produced by Raymond Strother, a native Texan who started his career in Louisiana. Hart can not overcome the financial and organizational benefits of Mondale, especially among trade union leaders in the Midwest and Northeast industries. Hart's campaign is chronically indebted, to a final count of $ 4.75 million. In countries such as Illinois, where delegates are directly elected by major voters, Hart often has an incomplete list of delegates. Hart's ideas were criticized for being too vague and centric by many Democrats. Shortly after he became a new pioneer, it was revealed that Hart had changed his last name, had often signed up 1937 instead of 1936 as his birthday and had changed his signature several times. This, along with two separations from his wife, Lee, led some to question Hart's "flake factor". Nevertheless, he and his wife remained married for nearly 60 years.
The two men exchanged victories in the primaries, with Hart gaining exposure as a candidate with "new ideas" and Mondale rallying the party to his side. Both men struggled for a draw at Super Tuesday, with Hart winning countries in the West, Florida and New England. Mondale fought back and began to mock Hart's campaign platform. The most famous moment in the campaign was during a debate when he mocked Hart's "new ideas" by quoting a line from Wendy's popular television commercial at the time: "Where's the beef?" Hart's campaign could not effectively deflect this statement, and when he made a negative TV ad against Mondale in Illinois, his appeal as a new kind of Democrats never fully recovered. Hart lost his predecessors in New York and Pennsylvania, but won people from Ohio and Indiana.
Mondale gradually withdrew from Hart in the number of delegates, but the race was not decided until June, on "Super Tuesday III". Deciding that day was a delegation from five states: South Dakota, New Mexico, West Virginia, California, and New Jersey. The proportional nature of the election of delegates means that Mondale will likely get enough delegates later in the day to secure the stated support of the majority of the delegates as a whole, and hence the nomination, no matter who actually "wins" the contested state. However, Hart maintains that the unpledged superdelegates who previously claimed support for Mondale would shift to his side if he swept Super Tuesday III primers. Again, Hart did the carelessness, insulting New Jersey just before the first day. Campaigning in California, he said that while the "bad news" was that he and his wife had to campaign separately, "[T] he's good news for him is that he campaigned in California when I campaigned in New Jersey." To complicate matters, when his wife interjected that he "had to hold a koala bear," Hart replied that "I will not tell you what I have to hold: a sample from a toxic waste dump." While Hart won California, he lost New Jersey after leading the poll by 15 points.
At the time of the final preliminary election, Mondale led quite a lot of delegates, although he was 40 delegates who did not achieve victory. Superdelegate strongly supported Mondale at the Democratic National Convention in San Francisco on July 16, making him a presidential candidate. Hart, already aware that the nomination was all but Mondale after the last preliminary election, lobbied for a vice presidential slot on the ticket, claiming that he would do better than Mondale against President Ronald Reagan (debilitating argument by a June 1984 Gallup poll showing the men's nine points behind the president). While Hart was given serious consideration, Mondale chose Geraldine Ferraro instead. In his speech to the convention, after his name was placed in a nomination for president by Nebraska Governor Bob Kerrey and he received a 15-minute ovation, Hart concluded, "Our party and our country will continue to hear from us.This is one Hart you will not go in San Francisco. "
The race for this nomination is the last chance that the presidential nomination of the big party has run into the convention. Mondale was subsequently defeated by Reagan, who only won the state of his home in Minnesota and the District of Columbia. Many felt that Hart and other similar candidates, younger and more independent, represented the party's future. Hart refused to take money from Political Action Committees (PACs), and as a result he mortgaged his home to finance his own campaign, and more than $ 1 million in debt at the end of the campaign.
presidential campaign 1988
Hart refused to run for re-election to the Senate, leaving the office when his second term ended in order to run for president again. On December 20, 1986, Hart was allegedly followed by an anonymous private detective from a radio station where he had given the Democrats a response to President Reagan's weekly radio address. The alleged PI report claimed that Hart had been followed to a woman's house, photographed there, and left the next morning. This allegation will eventually cause him to suspend his planned presidential campaign. After Mario Cuomo announced that he would not enter the race in February 1987, Hart was a clear pioneer for the Democratic nomination in the 1988 election.
Hart officially announced his candidacy on 13 April 1987.
When Lois Romano, a reporter for The Washington Post, asked Hart to respond to rumors spread by other campaigners that he was a "basketballer", Hart said that such candidates "would not win by the way that, because you did not get to the top by tearing others down. "The New York Post reported that the front-page commentary with the headline on" Straight from the Hart ", is followed below with a capital letter and black: " Gary: I'm No Womanizer . '", and then a summary of the story: "Dem ruin rivals over sex life rumors".
At the end of April 1987, The Miami Herald claims that an anonymous informer contacted the newspaper to tell him Hart had an affair with a friend, claimed it was equivalent to the Iran-Contra scandal, gave details of the affair, and told > Herald that Hart will meet this man at his home in Washington, DC, on May 1st. As a result, a team of Herald was followed by reporter Donna Rice on a flight from Miami to Washington, DC, then spied on Hart's townhouse that night and the following Saturday, and watched a young woman and Hart together. The Herald reporter confronts Hart on Saturday night in an alley about his relationship with Rice. Hart replied, "I'm not involved in any relationship." and alleged that he had been formed.
The Herald published a story on May 3 that Hart spent Friday night and most Saturday with a young woman in the Washington, DC townhouse.On the same day, in an interview with EJ Dionne who appeared in New The York Times, Hart, responded to his girl's rumor, saying: "Follow me around, I do not care, I'm serious, if anyone wants to put a tail on me, then they'll be so bored." Herald ' at some point knowing that the New York Times is planning to display the story with a quote on Sunday, putting it in their Story, and two articles appearing on that day the same triggered a political storm. On Sunday, Hart's campaign denied the existence of a scandal and condemned the Herald ' reporter for annoying reporting. Hart then noted that the "follow me" comment did not "challenge the press with ridicule," but, made with frustration, was only meant to invite the media to observe its public behavior, and never intended to invite journalists to "hide in the shadows" his home. '"He does not take it as a challenge," Dionne will remember a few years later. "And at that moment, I do not consider it a challenge." Nor did Hart's comments affect the Miami Herald to pursue the story.
The next day, Monday, the young woman was identified as Donna Rice, and she gave a press conference that also refused to have sexual relations with Hart. Hart insisted that his interest in Rice was limited to him who worked as a campaign assistant. However, "those facts float in the sea of ​​innuendos."
The scandal spread rapidly through the national media, just as any other damaging story about angry creditors of Hart's $ 1.3 million debt occurred in his 1984 campaign. Media inquiries about infidelity dominated Hart's campaign coverage, but his staff believed that voters were not interested in topics such as the media. Hart's staff believe the media is filtering his message. The Gallup poll conducted that week for Newsweek (but published the following week) found that 55% of the Democrats believe that Hart is honest, and 44% of them do not care about the issue. Polls of all voters are even more favorable for Hart. Nearly two-thirds (64 percent) of US respondents surveyed argued that media treatment of Hart was "unfair", and 70% disagreed with media scrutiny. A little over half (53 percent) responded that marriage disloyalty had nothing to do with the president's ability to govern. Time magazine had the same result: Of those surveyed 67% did not approve of media writing about candidate's sex life, and 60% stated that Hart's relationship with Rice was irrelevant to the presidency. When asked about the matter, Cuomo said that there was "a skeleton in everyone's closet."
On May 8, 1987, a week after his story broke out, Hart postponed his campaign after the Washington Post threatened to run the story of a woman Hart dated when parting with his wife, and his wife and daughter. into a similar subject that appeals to tabloid journalists.
At a press conference, Hart firmly stated, "I say that I bow, but I do not break up, and believe me, I'm not broken." Hart identifies invasive media coverage, and his need to "dissect" him, as his reason for suspending his campaign, "If someone is able to open the smokescreen and keep it there long enough, you can not deliver your message.You can not raise money to finance the campaign, too much static, and you can not communicate.... Obviously, in the present circumstances, this campaign can not continue.I refuse to give up my family and my friends and innocent people and myself for further rumors and gossip It's just an unbearable situation. "Hart paraphrased Thomas Jefferson and warned," I'm shaking for my country when I think we may, in fact, get the kind of leader we deserve. " Hart later recalled, "I watched journalists become animals, literally."
The New York Times argues that some people compare Hart's press conference with Richard Nixon's "Press Conference" on November 7, 1962, in which Nixon blames the media for his defeat in California's 1962 governor election and is not responsible for his own actions. Hart, in fact, received a letter from Nixon himself who praised him for "handling a very difficult situation with amazingly good". The unprecedented nature of investigation and reporting on Hart's personal life was widely recorded and reported at the time; New York Times says "the system is out of control."
After being withdrawn from the presidential election, Hart went to Ireland to spend time away from the media with his son. He rented a cottage in Oughterard, though he kept in touch with the key members of his team. What news is filtered is that he does not exclude back to the race. The New York Times also showed an odd ambivalence to the presidency even before being caught by the "system": "Only half of me wanted to be President. [...] The other half wanted to go write a novel in Ireland. 50 percent who want to be President is better than the other 100 percent. "
The campaign's chairman, Colorado congressman Patricia Schroeder, plunged into the race after Hart's withdrawal, but soon after resigning at an emotional press conference on September 28, 1987.
In December 1987, Hart returned to the race, declaring on the steps of the New Hampshire Statehouse, "Let's let the guys decide!" Hart said that other candidates do not represent his new ideas about strategic economic investment, military reform and "enlightening engagement in foreign policy." Hart warned, "We could lose more unnecessary American youth in the Persian Gulf." He initially climbed to the top of a national poll, and second behind Massachusetts Governor Mike Dukakis in New Hampshire, but was soon confronted with more negative stories about his previous debt from his 1984 campaign. He competed in New Hampshire primary and received 4,888 votes, about 4 percent. After the Super Tuesday contest on March 8, where he won no more than 5 percent of the vote, Hart withdrew from the campaign for the second time.
Later career
After the Senate service and presidential election, Hart continued his legal practice. He remains quite active in public policy issues, serving on the bipartisan US National Security Commission/21st Century, also known as the Hart-Rudman Commission, who was assigned on behalf of Bill Clinton in 1998 to study US internal security. The Commission issued several findings calling for broad changes to the security policy, but nothing was implemented until after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. He reached for D.Phil. in politics from Oxford University in 2001 with a dissertation entitled The Restoration of Republic ; while in Oxford, he is a member of St Antony's College.
Hart gave a speech to American law firm Coudert Brothers on September 4, 2001, exactly one week before the 9/11 attacks, warning that in the next 25 years terrorist attacks would cause mass deaths in the United States. Hart met flight executives in Montreal, Canada, on September 5, 2001, to warn of terrorist attacks in the air. The Montreal Gazette reported the following day with the headline, "Thousands of People Will Die, Presidential Hope Words." On September 6, 2001, Hart met with National Security Adviser Condoleezza Rice to urge, "You must move faster with internal security. An attack will happen." In a subsequent interview with Salon.com, Hart accused President George W. Bush and other administrative officials of neglecting his warning.
At the end of 2002, urged by former Oxford classmates, Hart began testing water to run another for the presidency, launched a website on GaryHartNews.com and a talk-related tour to measure the reaction from the public. He started his own blog in spring 2003, the first prospective president to prospectively do so. After several months of talk, Hart decided not to run for president and instead supported Democrat John Kerry. According to the October 23, 2004 National Journal and later report on Washington Post, Hart is mentioned as a possible appointment of the Cabinet if Kerry wins the presidency. He is regarded as a prime candidate for either the Director of National Intelligence, the Secretary of Homeland Security or the Minister of Defense.
Since May 2005, he has become a blogger who contributed to HuffPost . He is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations. Hart also sits on the US Operations Advisory Council, an international aid and development agency based in Los Angeles. It was announced in January 2006 that Hart would hold a professorship at the University of Colorado. He is the author of James Monroe, part of the Times Books series of American presidents published in October 2005. Hart is an Honorary Member of Literature & amp; Society of History University College Dublin. He is a member of the Advisory Council for the Partnership for Secure America, a non-profit organization dedicated to creating a bipartisan center in American national security and foreign policy.
In September 2007, The Huffington Post published Hart's letter, "Unsolicited Advice to the Iranian Government", where he stated that "Provocation is no longer necessary to bring America to war" and warns Iran that "for the next sixteen months or more , You should not just take provocative action, you should not do it. "He went on to state that the Bush-Cheney administration was waiting for an opportunity to attack Iran, writes:" Do not give a certain vice president we know the justification he is seeking to attack your country. "
Hart attributed American energy policy to national security in an essay published in November 2007. Hart writes, "In fact, we have an energy policy: This is to continue importing more than half of our oil and sacrificing American life so we can drive our Humvees. is our current policy, and it is very immoral. "Hart currently sits on the board of directors for Energy Literacy Advocates. He founded the American Security Project in 2007 and he started a new blog in 2009.
Since retiring from the Senate, he emerged as a national security consultant, and continues to talk about various issues, including the environment and internal security. In 2006, Hart accepted a professorship at the University of Colorado in Denver. He has been a visiting lecturer at Oxford University, Yale University, and the University of California. He is the Chairman of the US Department of Defense's International Security Advisory Council, Chair of the US Department of Defense Advisory Council, and Chair of the American Security Project. He is the Deputy Chair of the Advisory Council for the US Secretary of Homeland Security, the joint Chairman of the US-Russian Commission, Chairman of the Board for Earth-Friendly World, and President of Global Green, US affiliate of the environmental foundation Mikhail Gorbachev. In particular, he is the Joint Chief of the US Commission for National Security for the 21st Century, known as the Hart-Rudman Commission, which predicts terrorist attacks against America before 9/11.
He has written or co-authored numerous books and articles, including five well-received novels.
Appointed the US Special Envoy to Northern Ireland
In October 2014, President Barack Obama and Foreign Minister John Kerry named Hart the new US Special Envoy to Northern Ireland. Hart is a former US Senator who holds the post. The first is George Mitchell, a former chairman and former Senate Majority Leader of the United States, who served from 1995-2001. In a statement, Kerry called Hart an "old friend" and said he was "a problem-solver, an intelligent analyst, and someone capable of thinking as well as tactical, strategic, and practical."
Publications
Non-fiction:
- Conscience Republic (Blue Rider Press, 2016);
- Thunder and Sunshine: Four Seasons in a Terrible Life (Fulcrum Publishing, 2010);
- Under the Eagle Wing: The National Security Strategy of the United States for 2009 (Speaker's Corner, 2008);
- Courage from Our Convictions: Manifesto for Democrats (Times Books/Henry Holt, 2006);
- The Shield and The Cloak: The Security of the Commons (Oxford University Press, 2006);
- Gods and Emperors in America: Essays on Religion and Politics (Fulcrum Book, 2005);
- James Monroe (in the American Presidency series edited by Arthur Schlesinger, Jr.; Times Books/Henry Holt, 2005);
- Fourth Strength: New Great Strategy for the United States in the 21st Century (Oxford University Press, 2004);
- Restoration of the Republic: The Jeffersonian Ideal at 21st Century America (Oxford University dissertation, 2002);
- Minuteman: Returning People's Army (Free Press, 1998);
- Patriot: Pressure to Liberate America from Barbarian (Free Press, 1996);
- Good Match: American Renewal Education (New York Times The Essential Book; Random House, 1993);
- Russia Shakes the World: The Second Russian Revolution (HarperCollins, 1991);
- America Can Win: The Case for Military Reforms (Adler and Adler, 1986);
- New Democracy: Democratic Vision for the 1980s and Next (William Morrow, 1983);
- Right from the Beginning: McGovern's Campaign Chronic (Quadrangle, 1973);
Novel:
- Durango (Fulcrum Publishing, 2012)
- Aku, Che Guevara (seperti John Blackthorn; William Morrow, 2000)
- Dosa Para Ayah (seperti John Blackthorn; William Morrow, 1998)
- Strategi Zeus (William Morrow, 1987)
- The Double Man (bersama William Cohen; William Morrow, 1985)
In January 2000, Hart revealed that he is the author of political thriller John Blackthorn, whose book includes Sins of the Father and I Gu Cheñar.
Electoral history
United States Colorado Senate Elections, 1974 (Primary Democrat) :
- Gary Hart - 81.161 (39.92%)
- Herrick S. Roth - 66.819 (32.86%)
- Martin P. Miller - 55.339 (27.22%)
United States Colorado Senate Election, 1974
- Gary Hart (D) - 471,688 (57.23%)
- Peter H. Dominick (R) (inc.) - 325,526 (39,50%)
- John McCandish King (I) - 16.131 (1.96%)
- Joseph Fred Hyskell (Prohibition) - 8,404 (1,02%)
- Henry John Olshaw (Independent American) - 2,394 (0.29%)
Colorado State Senate Selection, 1980 :
- Gary Hart (D) (inc.) - 590,501 (50.34%)
- Mary E. Buchanan (R) - 571.295 (48.70%)
- Earl Higgerson (Prohibition) - 7.265 (0.62%)
- Henry John Olshaw (I) - 4,081 (0.35%)
1984 presidensial presiden Demokrat :
- Walter Mondale - 6,952,912 (38,32%)
- Gary Hart - 6,50,8,842 (35,85%)
- Jesse Jackson - 3,282,431 (18,09%)
- John Glenn - 617,909 (3,41%)
- George McGovern - 334,801 (1,85%)
- Pendelegasian yang tidak terlindungi - 146.212 (0,81%)
- Lyndon LaRouche - 123,649 (0,68%)
- Reubin O'Donovan Askew - 52,759 (0,29%)
- Alan Cranston - 51,437 (0,28%)
- Ernest Hollings - 33,684 (0,19%)
Konvensi Nasional Demokrat 1984 :
- Walter Mondale - 2.191 (56,41%)
- Gary Hart - 1,201 (30,92%)
- Jesse Jackson - 466 (12,00%)
- Thomas Eagleton - 18 (0,46%)
- George McGovern - 4 (0,10%)
- John Glenn - 2 (0,05%)
- Joe Biden - 1 (0,03%)
- Martha Kirkland - 1 (0,03%)
1988 Presidential Presidential Democrats :
- Michael Dukakis - 9,898,750 (42.47%)
- Jesse Jackson - 6,788,991 (29.13%)
- Al Gore - 3,185,806 (13.67%)
- Dick Gephardt - 1,399,041 (6.00%)
- Paul M. Simon - 1.082.960 (4.65%)
- Gary Hart - 415,716 (1.78%)
- Pendelegasian yang belum dijawab - 250.307 (1.07%)
- Bruce Babbitt - 77,780 (0.33%)
- Lyndon LaRouche - 70,938 (0.30%)
- David Duke - 45,289 (0.19%)
- James Traficant - 30,879 (0.13%)
- Douglas Applegate - 25,068 (0.11%)
1988 Democratic National Convention :
- Michael Dukakis - 2,877 (70.09%)
- Jesse Jackson - 1,219 (29.70%)
- Richard Stallings - 3 (0.07%)
- Joe Biden - 2 (0.05%)
- Dick Gephardt - 2 (0.05%)
- Lloyd Bentsen - 1 (0.02%)
- Gary Hart - 1 (0.02%)
In popular culture
At a 2015 concert in Denver, Bono from U2 recognized Gary Hart for his work in the Irish peace process: "And tonight, indoors, I want to thank Gary Hart for his work in bringing peace to our country in Ireland.You work hard for that, sir. "See also
- Atari Democrat
- Buie Seawell
- List of federal political sex scandals in the United States
Note
References
External links
- Source material: Biography Database of Congress A.S.: HART, Gary Warren, 1936 -
- Ferguson, Andrew (January 24, 2000). "Gary Hart is out". Time magazine . Retrieved September 24, 2010 . Ã,
- "Senator Gary Hart Challenges the 'Faith' and the Unholy Alliance Alliance" . Retrieved September 24, 2010 .
- "Transcript and audio interview with Hart conducted by Democracy Now!". Archived from the original on November 14, 2007 . Retrieved September 24, 2010 .
- "Video interview/conversation with Hart by Robert Wright". Bloggingheads.tv . Retrieved September 24, 2010 .
- Appearance in C-SPAN
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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