Iddah

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In Islam, iddah or iddat (Arabic: ????? ?; waiting period ) is the period a woman should observe after the death of her spouse or after the divorce, where she should not marry another man. The aim is to ensure that the male parent of any offspring produced after the cessation of marriage (marriage) will be known. The length of iddah varies according to a number of circumstances.

A woman who is divorced by her husband is three monthly periods, unless she is pregnant, in the case of 'iddah lasting until she gives birth, or unless marriage is not perfected in which there is no' iddah, or unless she does not not menstruate, in this case " the scholars say that he should observe 'iddah a full year, nine months for pregnancy and three months for' iddah. "

For a woman whose husband has died, the iddah are four lunar months and ten days after the death of their husband, whether the marriage is or not.

Islamic scholars regard this as a balance between mourning the death of a husband and protecting the widow from criticism that he may be the target of marrying again too soon after the death of her husband. It is also to ascertain whether a pregnant woman or not, since four and a half months is a half long normal pregnancy.

The husband must produce a will which supports their wife for the provision of one year's residence and maintenance, unless the wives themselves leave home or take other similar steps.

Video Iddah

Qur'an

Maps Iddah

Iddah for widows

The Qur'an's instructions about the waiting time of a widow, are as below.

Anyone among you who dies and abandons his wives, the wives will refrain [from weddings] for four months and ten days. Then, when they have ended this period, there is no fault in you in whatever they do about themselves, according to a recognized tradition. And God is fully aware of whatever you do. And it is no harm to you in filing the marriage to these women or in saving the proposal to yourself - God is aware that you will mention them to them - but do not make any secret commitments with them, unless you say a gentleman word for them. However, do not make a marriage contract with them, until the law has reached a specified time... ( Al-Baqarah 2: 234 - 235 )

The following is a summary of the main directives contained in these verses:

1. The waiting period (Iddah) of a widow is four months and ten days;
2. During this period, the woman did not marry another man;
3. During this period one can declare his intention to marry a widow - in a socially acceptable way - or he can defend his intentions for himself, but he can not make a secret commitment to marriage with the widow; and
4. The time and place of the marriage contract must be completed and committed only after the four month and ten-day period has ended.

This is a basic Shari'a directive regarding a widow's waiting period. It is also clear from other directives of the Qur'an that during this waiting period, the woman should not go out of her home.

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Iddah for divorced women

Quran menyatakan:

Divorced women had to wait (before remarriage) three people; and it is not lawful for them to hide what God has created in their wombs, if they believe in God and the last day; and their husbands have the right to bring them back all this time, if they want reconciliation; they have (rights) that are similar to them and men are above them; and God is mighty and wise

(Al-Qur'an 2: 228)

In the letter Al-Ahzab mentioned:

O ye who believe! When you marry a believing woman and then divorce them before touching them then there is no iddah, you have to reckon it.

(Al-Qur'an 33:49)

The Quran Surah (Chapter) 65, entitled "At-Talaq" which means "The Divorce" states

As with your women who have passed the age of the monthly course, for them Iddah, if you have doubts, are three months, and for those who do not have the course (it is the same): for those who carry (the womb) until they give their burden: and to those who fear Allah, He will make their way easy.

(Al-Qur'an 65: 4)

The following is a summary of the main directives contained in these verses:

1. The waiting period of a woman after menopause (no longer having her menstrual cycle) is three months;
2. The waiting period of a woman who does not have menstruation is three months
3. The waiting period for pregnant women is until they give birth to a child.
4. The husband can bring his wife back during this period (This is allowed only twice in a row).

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Interpretation

Qur'anic commentaries, including the most respected Sunni commentary, Ibn Kathir's Commentary/commentary/commentary: -

Allah Most High describes the waiting period of women in menopause. And that's what menstruation has stopped because of his older age. Iddahnya is three months, not three monthly cycles for those who experience menstruation, which is based on the verse in (Surat) Al-Baqarah. ? see 2: 228? The same thing for young people, who have not reached the menstrual years. Iddah they are three months like those who experience menopause. ( Koran Tafsir Ibn Kathir )

Comments Imam Suyuti, Tafsir al-Jalalayn: -

And for women who read all? '? or all? 'i in both cases no longer expect to menstruate if you have any doubts about their waiting period their specified waiting time is three months and also for those who have not menstruated because their young age their period will also be three months - both cases apply to others whose partner has died; for the latter of this period they are specified in that verse they shall wait for themselves for four months and ten days.

Rule of Islamic scholars ( fatwa ): -

The waiting period (idda) for women who do not have menstruation due to childhood (saghirah), who are entering menopause (a'yisa) and who have reached puberty (baliga) without menstruation, will be three month of Islam in a row. (Hanafi Scholars, Mufti Muhammad ibn Adam, Darul Iftaa, Leicester, England)

Muslim jurists and thinkers in general have interpreted this additional purpose including in the prescription of the waiting period for widows to be 'grieving' widows of her late husband. The prescribed prescriptions of 'waiting' or 'mourning' periods are for the purpose of keeping women against defamation, slander and bad reputation in society. In Pakistan the waiting time for the divorce is 90 days. And for the widow is 130 days. But a pregnant or widowed divorce must wait until pregnancy or miscarriage.

Specifically for this purpose that others are directed to make a secret 'marriage' commitment to a widow or decide on the time and place of the marriage contract, during the specified period. It is reported that Muhammad advised the widows to be more modest in their appearance and even refrained from wearing any fragrance, during this period. All of these directives and suggestions seem to indicate the fact that a woman should not only but also appear in a state of mourning so that her social circle does not get a chance to say a negative word about herself.

No other limit applies to a widow during her waiting period.

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See also

• Jewish Niddah

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References

Source of the article : Wikipedia