In the general legal system, superior courts are general competence courts that typically have limited jurisdiction with regard to civil and criminal law cases. The high court is "superior" relative to courts with limited jurisdiction (see lower court), which is limited to civil cases involving a certain amount of money, or criminal cases involving less serious offenses. The high court may hear the appeal from the lower court (see appeals court).
Video Superior court
Asal mula istilah "pengadilan superior"
The term "high court" comes from the British court system. The royal court is the highest court in the country, with what will now be termed the jurisdiction of oversight of local courts and barons. The court's decision may be reviewed by the royal court, as part of Crown's role as the primary source of justice. The royal court is known as the "superior court", while the lower court whose decision may be reviewed by the royal court is known as the "inferior court". Superior court decisions can not be reviewed or appealed, unless the appeal is made by law.
Maps Superior court
Especially jurisdiction
Canada
The High Court in Canada is at the federal, provincial and territorial levels.
The provincial superior and territorial superior courts of the original jurisdiction are courts of general jurisdiction: all legal matters enter into their jurisdiction, unless established elsewhere by legislation authorized by the appropriate legislative authority. Their jurisdiction usually includes civil suits involving contracts, suits, property, and family law. They also have jurisdiction over criminal prosecution for actionable offenses under the Criminal Code of Canada. They also heard civil calls from provincial and inferior provincial court rulings, as well as appeals from those courts with a summary of beliefs under the Criminal Code. They also have a review jurisdiction over administrative decisions by provincial or territorial government agencies such as labor councils, human rights courts and licensing authorities.
Superior appellate courts hear appeals from superior courts of original jurisdiction, as well as from inferior courts and administrative courts. The jurisdiction of the appeals court is entirely based on the law. The details of their jurisdiction will vary depending on the laws passed by the federal government and certain provinces or regions.
All judges of the provincial superior court were appointed by the federal government under the authority of the Constitution Act, 1867, while the high court judges of the territorial are appointed under the authority of their respective territorial acts authorized by the federal Parliament. The judges of the Federal Court are appointed by the federal government under the authority of the Federal Court of Justice . Hong Kong
In Hong Kong, the Court of Appeals, the Court of Appeal and the Court of First Instance (the last two forming the Hong Kong High Court), are all superior courts.
South Africa
The general high courts in South Africa are the High Court, the High Court, and the Constitutional Court.
The Court of Appeal is a first-rate court with general jurisdiction; they can hear all cases except where exclusive jurisdiction is granted by law to another court. Most cases, however, are tried in a lower court judge or court, and the appeals of this court are heard by the Court of Appeal.
The Court of Appeals Court is the only appellate court, which adjudicates the appeal of the Court of Appeal. The Constitutional Court is primarily an appeals court, which adjudicates the constitutional issues of the Court of Appeal, or in some cases, directly from the Court of Appeal. The Constitutional Court also occasionally acts as a first instance court in certain cases involving the constitutionality of laws and government action.
There are also specialist courts that excel with exclusive jurisdiction over certain matters; these include the Labor Court, the Labor Court of Appeals, the Electoral Court and the Land Claims Tribunal.
United Kingdom
The Supreme Court of the United Kingdom is the superior court of the records of the British Empire and is the last court of appeal to all separate legal systems of parts of the United Kingdom (except for criminal matters in Scotland).
England and Wales
In England and Wales, the Court of Appeals, the Court of Appeal and the Crown Court, all formed the English and Welsh Senior Court, all of which were the highest courts.
Commonwealth countries, UK Foreign Territories and Crown Dependencies
The Justice Committee of the Advisory Council is the final forum for several independent Commonwealth states as well as all the British Foreign Territories and Crown Dependencies, and thus is the superior court in its capacity as the final appeals court of the respective legal system.
United States
In a number of jurisdictions in the United States, the Court of Appeal is a state court of general jurisdiction with the power to hear and decide on any civil or criminal action not specifically appointed to be heard in some other courts. California, Connecticut, Washington, Maine, District of Columbia, and Georgia are examples of such jurisdictions. In other countries, equivalent courts are also known as general appeals courts (Pennsylvania, Ohio, and others), circuit courts (Illinois, Michigan, Oregon and others), district courts (Louisiana, Texas, Hawaii and others another) or, in the case of New York, the highest court.
The term "high court" raises a clear question about what top . Previously, many jurisdictions have lower courts of limited jurisdiction such as city courts, traffic courts, and peace court justice, so it is reasonable to call the next level of "superior." However, some states, such as California, have united their court system. In California, all lower courts were absorbed to the California Superior Court after 1998. The lower courts now exist only as an administrative subdivision of superior courts. Superior courts are legally no higher than other courts. Thus, the term "high court" still prevails in California only as a matter of tradition. Similarly, the District High Court of Columbia is the only local court, and the lower court is the division of the court.
In Pennsylvania, the High Court is an appeals court. In New Jersey, the Court of Appeal consists of courts of general jurisdiction, equity courts, and divisions. In Maine, the Court of Appeal is both court courts of general jurisdiction and appellate courts considering the appeals of the Maine District Court in some cases, as well as appeals from most state and municipal institutions.
In popular culture
- High Court was a popular daytime television program in the 1980s.
See also
- Judiciary
- Judiciary of Australia
- High Court
- United States District Court
References
External links
- California Courts-the Judicial Branch of California
- Los Angeles Superior Court
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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