Mary Fallin (born December 9, 1954) is an American politician who is the 27th and current Gov. of Oklahoma. A Republican, Fallin was elected governor in 2010 and re-elected in 2014.
Born in Warrensburg, Missouri, Fallin is a graduate of Oklahoma State University. Started his career working for various Oklahoma state government agencies several years, in 1983 Fallin entered the private sector, becoming a regional hotel manager and real estate broker.
Starting a career in politics, Fallin was elected at the Oklahoma House of Representatives in 1990. He served two terms at Oklahoma House, representing a district in Oklahoma City, from 1990 to 1995. In 1994, Fallin was elected to serve as 14 Oklahoma Lieutenant Governor ; elected to a total of three terms, he served under two different governors from 1995 to 2007. After long-term Republican presidential candidate Ernest Istook announced that he would retire from his seat to run for governor, Fallin declared his candidacy for the 5th congressional district in Oklahoma. , where he was elected to two terms in the US House of Representatives, serving from 2007 to 2011.
In February 2009, Fallin reiterated his intention to run for Republican nomination for governor of Oklahoma. He defeated three other opponents with 54% of the main Republican vote, defeating Democratic nominee Lieutenant Governor Jari Askins, with 60% of the vote in the general election. He was inducted into office on January 10, 2011.
Fallin is the second woman elected to the United States Congress from Oklahoma. The first was Alice Mary Robertson, elected to Congress in 1921, serving for one term from 1921 to 1923. Fallin was the first Republican woman and the first woman to serve as Oklahoma's lieutenant governor, as well as the first woman elected as governor of Oklahoma.
Video Mary Fallin
Kehidupan awal, pendidikan, dan karir awal
Fallin was born Mary Copeland in Warrensburg, Missouri, daughter of Mary Jo (nÃÆ' Â © e Duggan) and Joseph Newton Copeland. His mother and father each served as mayor of Tecumseh, Oklahoma, where he grew up. They are both members of the Democratic Party of Oklahoma. He was a Democrat until he was 21 years old. That year he turned to the Republican Party of Oklahoma and became active with the Young Republic Party. He graduated from Tecumseh High School and attended Oklahoma Baptist University, in Shawnee. Fallin has a bachelor's degree in human and environmental sciences, and family relationships and child development from Oklahoma State University (1977). In the State of Oklahoma he joined the group Kappa Alpha Theta.
After college, Fallin worked at the Oklahoma Department of Tourism and Recreation, Oklahoma Employment Security Commission, and the Office of Personnel Management of Oklahoma. In 1983, he went to the private sector as a hotel manager for Lexington Hotel and Suites. He also works as a commercial real estate broker.
Maps Mary Fallin
Oklahoma House of Representatives
Selection
Fallin ran for the 85th District of the Representative of Oklahoma after peter Mike Hunter announced his resignation in December 1989. He won Republicans in August and elections in November. In 1992, he won re-election for a second term without a fight.
Tenure
He represents Oklahoma City in the House of Representatives, and writes 16 laws that are legislation. In 1992, Oklahoma became one of the first five countries in the country to enact an anti-stalking law when Fallin wrote and introduced HB 2291, which made it illegal to stalk or harass people. Fallin was active with the conservative American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC), and was recognized by ALEC as Legislator of the Year in 1993. Also in that year he was named Guardian of Small Business by the National Independent Business Federation. According to The Almanac of American Politics , he "championed the rights of victims and health care reform."
Lieutenant Governor (1995-2007)
Selection
After two weeks in the House, Fallin decides to run for Oklahoma Lieutenant Governor. Eventually he ran for three elections that year, all of whom opposed other women, and raised about $ 200,000. He faces two other Republican candidates. Terry Neese ranked first with 38% of the vote, but failed to reach the 50% threshold needed to win straight away. Fallin was ranked second with 36% of the vote, passing a second round of general elections. He beat Neese in the primary selection run-off 53% -47%. He defeated Democrat Nance Diamond 50% -44%. He did well in the northwest, Oklahoma Panhandle, and his home in Oklahoma County.
He won re-election for a second term in 1998, beating Jack Morgan 68% -32%. He won all but nine districts, all of which lie in the far eastern part of the country. He won re-election for a third term in 2002, beating Democratic Country Representative Laura Boyd 57% -39%, dominating the eastern part of the country.
Ownership
In 1995, Fallin became the first woman and the first Republican to be sworn in as Oklahoma's lieutenant governor, an office he would hold for 12 years. As lieutenant governor, Fallin served on 10 councils and commissions. Early in his tenure, the Federal Building Alfred P. Murrah, located in Oklahoma City, was bombed, killing 168 people in what was the worst case of domestic terrorism in US history; Fallin led a task force to rebuild the missing childcare center in the attack. In 1997, he led the Fallin Commission on Workers 'Compensation, which released a comprehensive reform plan to lower costs in the state workers' compensation system. Fallin promoted Project Homesafe, a national initiative of the National Shooting Sports Foundation, the trade association of the firearms industry, to distribute free cable gun locks to reduce the risk of unintentional home shelling.
In his role as president of the state senate, Fallin promotes the law to adopt a work-of-rights law that prohibits unions from requiring members to pay union dues as a condition of employment; Oklahoma finally passed the right to work law in 2001. With 12 years serving as Lieutenant Governor, Fallin is the third longest serving lieutenant in the state in Oklahoma history.
Leadership position
In 1998, Fallin served as chairman of the National Lieutenant Governor Association. In 1999, he served as chairman of the Association of Lieutenant Governors of the Republic. Fallin also serves as Chairman of the National Aerospace Country Association.
US. House of Representatives (2007-2011)
Selection
- 2006
Fallin decided not to seek re-election for a fourth term as lieutenant governor. Instead, he decided to run in the fifth congress district in Oklahoma, after longtime Congressman Ernest Istook decided to run for Oklahoma's governor. Fallin also considered running for governor and challenging the ruling Democrat, Brad Henry, but decided against it given Henry's popularity measured in the poll at the time. Istook lost to Henry with 33 points.
The July 25 The main republic for district 5 has six candidates. Fallin received 35% of the vote. Oklahoma City Mayor Mick Cornett came second with 24% of the vote. The contest between him and Cornett is largely financial. They have little difference in the problem, but Fallin has a huge cash advantage. On August 22, 2006, he defeated Cornett in the primary election, 63% -37%.
Fallin won the election on Nov. 7, beating Democrat Paul David Hunter 60% -40%.
- 2008
Fallin easily won re-election in 2008, beating Democrat Steve Perry 66% -34%.
Tenure
Fallin became the first woman elected to Congressman from Oklahoma since 1920, when Alice Mary Robertson became the first woman Oklahoma (and second nation) to be elected to Congress. Fallin resigned his position as Lieutenant Governor on January 2, 2007 to be sworn into Congress on January 4, 2007. Lieutenant Governor-elect Jari Askins was appointed by Oklahoma Governor Brad Henry to fill in the remaining term of Fallin.
The 5th District includes Oklahoma, Pottawatomie, and Seminole.
In June 2007, he passed his first bill: the revamping of federal grants for women's business centers. He joined the Group of 38 Republicans who opposed the expansion of the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP).
During the financial crisis, Fallin voted for a 2008 Wall Street bailout. However, Fallin voted against the auto industry rescue plan of 2008.
Committees assignment
- House Committee on Armed Services
- House Committee for Small Business
- House Committee for Transport and Infrastructure
- House Committee on America on Natural Resources
caucus membership
In addition to the committee's duties, he serves on the Executive Committee of the National Republican Congressional Committee, Chair of Small Business in the Republican Policy Committee, and Vice Chairman of the Caucus of Women Congress.
2010 gubernatorial election
In September 2009, Fallin and four other candidates have announced their intention to run for governor to replace Brad Henry. Together with Fallin they are:
- Former President of Oklahoma Machinery Vending Machine Association (OOMDA) Roger L. Jackson (R)
- Attorney General Oklahoma Drew Edmondson (D)
- Lt. Gov. Oklahoma Jari Askins (D)
- State Senator Randy Brogdon (R)
- Oklahoma business owner, Robert Hubbard (R)
Fallin won the Republican nomination with 136,460 votes, in front of his nearest challenger, State Senator Randy Brogdon, who received 98,159 votes. Former Alaska governor and 2008 vice presidential candidate Sarah Palin supports Fallin in primary school. On November 2, 2010, Fallin defeated Democratic candidate Jari Askins 60% to 39% to become the first female governor in Oklahoma.
Oklahoma Governor (2011-present)
Transitions, staff and advisors
In the election in which Fallin was elected governor, every Republican in the state ballot won, and for the first time in Oklahoma history, the Republic dominated all 11 statewide positions. Fallin started his transition by holding a joint press conference with governor out Brad Henry.
Fallin appointed Devon Energy chairman and CEO Larry Nichols as head of his transition team and quit as Senate President of Oklahoma pro tempore Glenn Coffee (R-Tulsa) as Co-Chairman of the Transition. He also established the Governor's Task Force on Economic Development to advise him on matters relating to economics. Members of the task force include BancFirst CEO David Rainbolt and former Walters Agricultural Administration Secretary Gary Sherrer. Former Minister of Keating Energy Administration Robert J. Sullivan, Jr. served as the Task Force's director as Special Advisor to the Governor of Economic Development.
Fallin appointed Gary Sherrer as Oklahoma Environment Secretary, a position he previously held under Democratic Governor David Walters; Tulsa City Auditor Preston Doerflinger as Oklahoma Finance and Revenue Minister and director of the Oklahoma State Finance Office; and state health commissioner Terry Cline as the Secretary of Health and Human Services Oklahoma.
Fallin appointed Trade and Tourism Minister Dave Lopez Oklahoma and director of the Oklahoma Department of Commerce in 2011. Lopez left the Fallin cabinet in 2013, but returned in 2017, when Fallin appointed him the foreign minister.
Fallin was named Lieutenant Governor Todd Lamb to his cabinet as a Small Business Advocate. In February 2017, however, Lamb resigned from the Small Business Advocate post, saying that she could not support Fallin's proposal to impose a sales tax to 164 different services that are currently not taxed. Lamb said the proposal would harm small businesses and families in the state; Fallin responded by saying he was disappointed with his resignation and that his proposal was needed to handle a structural deficit of $ 900 million from our budget. "
Fallin's general counsel, Jennifer Chance, suddenly resigned in 2017, five months after becoming a general counsel, amid a conflict of interest controversy. Opportunities have referred to a legal business involving Robert Bates, a deputy reserve who was found guilty of unexpected murder in the fatal shooting of Eric Harris in 2015, to her husband, a criminal defense lawyer who paid $ 25,000 to seek a change of governor from Bates's sentence. Fallin appointed former state senator James Williamson to replace Chance.
Criminal Law
Deadly injection controversy
Under Fallin, Oklahoma has prompted increased use of lethal injections as a way of execution, while refusing to release details of a new chemical herb used in this execution following the decision of the Hospira chemical company to stop producing sodium thiopental, which had previously been widely used. Fallin pushed hard for the execution of the convicted killer, Clayton Lockett, to continue regardless of the lack of drugs tested for use for lethal injections. When the Oklahoma State Supreme Court granted a postponement of execution, Fallin immediately rejected him, leading several political commentators to increase the likelihood of a constitutional crisis surrounding the separation of powers. At the same time, an Oklahoma legislator moved to indict seven Supreme Court justices who had granted it. Lockett's execution was attempted on April 29, 2014, but was abandoned when he could not be sedated and allowed to stretch out in agony. Lockett died 43 minutes later due to a heart attack. Fallin appoints a member of his staff to lead an investigation into a failed execution. Robert Patton, his correction director, resigned, and despite a conflict of interest legislation in Oklahoma, was employed as the deputy head of the prison by a GEO Group whose contract was overseen. Oklahoma State Prison Anita Trammel also resigned during the investigation.
Reform of criminal justice
In 2016, Fallin convened the Oklahoma Justice Reform Task Force to make recommendations on criminal justice reform in Oklahoma, which has the second highest level of imprisonment in the US state. In 2017, Fallin praised the bill package authorized by state and state Senate; bills, endorsed unanimously or by a wide margin, would, among other things, allow nonviolent offenders to be sentenced to life in prison to petition for sentence modification after ten years in prison; expanding a diversion program that directs convicts from prisons to care and supervision; mandates "the creation of individual plans for inmates to help them reintegrate better into society" after being released from prison; and set up a supervisory board to track the effectiveness of reform initiatives.
By 2017, however, Fallin is struggling to push further major criminal justice bills through the legislature. This bill package, backed by Fallin and recommended by Task Force, will reduce punishment for non-violent drug offenses, allow more elderly prisoners to be released, and expand diversion programs. The bills were wrapped in the Justice and Criminal Justice Council under his command, State Rep. Scott Biggs, who encouraged Fallin to criticize Biggs. In August 2017, Fallin was sued by inmates on charges of unfair trial parole and corruption from state lawmakers.
Ten Commandments controversial monuments
Fallin is a supporter of the controversial Ten Commandments monument that has been established in the places of the Oklahoma State Capitol in 2012. In July 2015, the Oklahoma Supreme Court ruled, in a 7-2 vote, that the presence of monuments in public lands violated the Oklahoma Constitution, which prohibits the use of public property "for the purposes of any religious purpose." Fallin initially refused to follow a court order, expressed the view that the decision was untrue and that the state would apply for a re-examination of the case.
The court ruling was later enforced, and by October 2015 the monument was secretly removed from the Capitol grounds for a private property several blocks away. Fallin called for an amendment to the state's constitution to restore the monument to the base of the Capitol. The legislature passed a resolution putting the question on Oklahoma voting, with voters to decide on November 2016 elections. The resolution was subsequently defeated.
2016 vice presidential speculation
In a television interview in April 2016, Fallin's name was mentioned by former South Carolina governor Andrà © Å © Bauer as a candidate for Donald Trump if he became Republican presidential candidate in 2016 presidential election. Trump himself described Bauer's suggestion as "good advice "in a tweet shortly after. Fallin then supports Trump on May 4, 2016.
In May 2016, the Republican National Committee announced that Fallin will act as chairman of the National Resolution Convention Committee in 2016, known as the Platform Committee.
Fiscal Policy
During his term as governor, Fallin has sought to eliminate Oklahoma state income taxes while extending sales tax.
Cutting Oklahoma's personal income tax, the country's largest tax revenue source, has been a "top priority" for Fallin and Republican lawmakers. In the 2012 legislative session, the legislation recommended by Fallin and its allies to cut the top income tax from 5.25% to 4.8% while eliminating 33 tax credits failed, in part because the law will increase the tax burden by about a quarter of taxpayers Oklahoma, especially middle-class taxpayers with two or more children.
By 2016, Fallin has finally earned a reduction in state income tax from 5.25 percent to 5 percent, which will result in an annual loss of $ 147 million in state revenues when fully implemented. In the aftermath of a sharp decline in oil and gas prices harming state revenues, the state Senate passed legislation to curb tax cuts, which opposed Fallin. The budgetary income caused by the decline in state revenues forced a 16.5% cut to Oklahoma public schools for the last few months of fiscal 2016 over the previous 3% reduction, and forced several schools in rural Oklahoma to go to four-day school weeks.
In February 2016 at the opening of the Oklahoma Legislative session, Fallin proposed $ 200 million in tax increases to deal with the anticipated budget shortfall of at least $ 900 million for the fiscal year 2017, which according to Fallin is the largest budget hole in the country's history. Fallin proposes expanding the sale of the country and using taxes for services and items shipped electronically such as music sold online, both of which are currently not taxed in Oklahoma. Fallin also proposes the abolition of some annual sales tax exemptions and more than double the country's cigarette tax, from $ 1.03 to $ 2.53 per pack. Fallin proposed a reduction of allocations for most state institutions by 6 percent, with cuts of less than 3 percent to certain core institutions.
The budget legislation ultimately signed into law by Fallin in June 2016 removes the recoverable portion of the accepted state income tax credit as well as the double income tax credit; the budget also reduces some tax credits. The partial revocation of the income tax credits received by the state is supported by legislative legislatures, who want additional revenue for the state to cover the shortfall, and is opposed by the Democratic legislature and the Oklahoma Policy Institute, who argue that it is wrong to eliminate the tax credits that help poor Oklahomans. The budget cuts most state services by 5%, with steeper cuts to higher education, cut by 16%. (Correction and funding for health care remains stable.) In May 2016, Fallin also signed a law of action requiring online retailers and consumers to collect sales tax for goods purchased online.
By 2017, Fallin is pushing to expand the country's sales tax to 164 services that are currently not taxed, to raise state revenues by hundreds of millions of dollars. Fallin specifically proposes applying sales tax on the top ten services based on sales: residential utility services, as well as "cable TV services, repair and maintenance services, legal services, real estate agent services, pipeline and heating services, electricity and cable services, , business services, and accounting services. "Fallin's proposed tax increase will increase monthly housing utility costs by 4.5%. In return for imposing sales tax on these items, Fallin proposes the abolition of state sales tax on groceries, though local sales taxes for foodstuffs will remain.
In May 2017, Fallin vetoed the bill to allow for higher salary loans in Oklahoma. The bill has strong support in the Republican state-controlled legislature but is opposed by a broad coalition of political and religious groups who oppose the bill as a possible lender of predators. Fallin vetoed a similar law four years earlier.
Anti-abortion laws
During his term as governor, Fallin has signed 20 anti-abortion measures into law. In April 2015, Fallin signed a law of action prohibiting the procedure of abortion in the second trimester, except when necessary to save the woman's life. In May 2015, Fallin signed a law of action that doubled the mandatory waiting time in Oklahoma for an abortion, extending it to 72 hours. This measure also includes other anti-abortion provisions.
In May 2016, Fallin vetoed a bill passed by the Oklahoma State Legislature that would make it a crime, punishable by up to three years in prison, for an abortion, except in case to save a mother's life. In a statement, Fallin's office said: "The bill is so ambiguous and so vague that doctors can not confirm what medical circumstances will be considered 'necessary to protect the mother's life.'"
In December 2016, Fallin signed legislation to require all entities administered by the Oklahoma Department of Health, including restaurants, public buildings, hospitals and small businesses to install anti-abortion signs in their public toilets in January 2018.The bill matches no state funding for signs, which requires the company to pay a cost estimate (estimated at $ 2.3 million).
LGBT issues
Fallin was criticized for bias after ordering a state-owned National Guard facility to deny the benefits of spouses (including the provision of identity cards that would allow them to access the benefits) for all same-sex couples. Fallin took the position that Oklahoma law does not recognize such a relationship. In response, US Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel said that the position of Fallin violates state obligations under federal law.
In 2018, Fallin signed a law that would allow private adoption agencies to refuse to place children at home if "would violate a written religious or moral belief or policy." The law is opposed by the LGBT rights group, which says that legislation will allow discrimination against LGBT couples who wish to adopt.
Weapon
By 2014, Fallin vetoed a bill that would require the sheriff and the police chief to approve "individual applications for tax stamps for items such as silencers, presses, short barrels and rifles, and automatic weapons." The Republican-ruled legislature overruled the veto.
By 2015, Falling vetoed legislation that would limit the business's ability to ban arms in parks, fairs and recreation spots.
By 2018, Fallin vetoed legislation to allow adults to openly carry weapons without permission or training, prompting the NRA to criticize them.
Climate change
Fallin is part of a group of Republican governors who say they will refuse to comply with the Environmental Protection Agency's rules to reduce carbon emissions and fight climate change. In April 2015, Fallin issued an executive order that banned Oklahoma's Environmental Quality Department and other state agencies from creating emissions reduction strategies under the Clean Power Plan, becoming the first governor to do so.
In a proclamation in September 2016, Fallin declared October 13, 2016 as Oilfield Prayer Day , calling on Christians to "thank God for the blessings created by the oil and natural gas industry and to seek wisdom and ask protection. "The proclamation draws criticism because it was initially confined to Christians. Following these objections, Fallin amended the proclamation to include people of "all religions."
Local government
In April 2014, Fallin went into law S.B. 1023, which prohibits cities in Oklahoma from setting a minimum wage in all cities or sick leave requirements. The law is targeting Oklahoma City, where a local initiative seeks to set city-wide minimum wages higher than the current federal minimum wage.
In May 2015, Fallin signed a law of action prohibiting local government of Oklahoma imposing a local ban on oil and gas drilling. The bill was in response to a vote in Denton, Texas, to stop fracturing, although no Oklahoma local government tried to ban fracking. The bill passed State House 64-32 and Senate 33-13; The bill was opposed by the Oklahoma Municipal League.
Education
In late January 2011, after a heated Oklahoma State Education Council meeting, Fallin proposed major changes to the organization and structure of the Oklahoma State Department of Education. The controversy arose over the Education Council which rejected three senior staff members from the Oklahoma State Inspector of Public Instruction Janet Barresi. Under the change proposed by Fallin, the Council would be stripped of administrative power and those powers would be transferred solely to state watchdogs, thereby reducing the board to more of the advisory committees to supervisors as opposed to departmental government agencies.
Fallin was once a champion of the Common Core General Standards (adopted by Oklahoma in 2010), but in June 2014 signed a bill dropping the standards.
In April 2015, Fallin signed a measure law that expands charter schools across the state (a change from previous law, allowing charter schools only in Tulsa and the Oklahoma district). The law requires all charter schools to expand to receive approval from the local education council, and mandates that all charter schools be free and open like traditional public schools, thereby eliminating prospects for charter schools choosing and choosing students.
In an April 2018 interview, Fallin likened the teachers who demanded a raise to be "a teenager who wanted a better car" and claimed that "antifa" (left-far activist) was involved in Oklahoma's teacher strike; these comments made the teachers angry. Fallin also criticized the "outsiders" who protested with Oklahoma's teachers at the Oklahoma State Capitol, referring to the National Education Association and West Virginia teachers.
Relationship with Native Indians
During the Fallin period, the State of Oklahoma was involved in a long legal battle with the Choctaw Nation and the Chickasaw Nation over water rights in southwest Oklahoma. In 2011, the tribes filed a federal suit in the US District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma. In 2016, after years of negotiations and litigation, states and tribes - represented by Fallin, Choctaw Nation Chief Gary Batton, and Chickasaw Nation Governor Bill Anoatubby - came to a settlement agreement, with a compact (requiring congressional approval) to govern when and how water can be removed from Sardis Lake.
In May 2015, Fallin signed a bill for a $ 25 million bond proposal to complete the Native Cultural Center and Museum of America, an ongoing project. The law also returns ownership of property and museums to Oklahoma City.
In March 2017, Fallin approved the Shawnee Tribe plan to build a $ 25 million casino casino near Guymon in the Oklahoma Panhandle.
Awards
Fallin has been honored with numerous awards, including Women in Communications' Women at News Award, induction into the Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame, Clarence E. Page Award, induction to Oklahoma Aviation Hall of Fame, 1998 Women of the Year in Government and 1993 Legislator of the Year.
Personal life
Fallin married her first husband, Joseph Fallin, a dentist, in November 1984. She filed for divorce in December 1998. In November 2009, she married Wade Christensen, an Oklahoma City lawyer. They have a total of six children in their mixed family, one of which - models, makeup artists, and musician Christina Fallin - is described as "the most exciting governor daughter in the country" by 2014 Washington Post article.
Selection history
August 23, 1994, main results of Lt. Governor of Oklahoma Republican
September 20, 1994, Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma Republic's main runoff results
November 8, 1994, election results of the Lt. Oklahoma Governor
August 27, 2002, main results of Lt. Governor of Oklahoma Republican
June 24, 2014, principal results of the Oklahoma Republican Governor
See also
- The Oklahoma government
- 53 Oklahoma Legislature
- Oklahoma Legislature 54th
- Board of Governors on Physical Fitness and Sports
- List of female governors in the United States
- List of female lieutenant governors in the United States
- Women in the United States House of Representatives
References
External links
- Governor Mary Fallin Oklahoma government's official site
- Mary Fallin for Governor
- Mary Fallin on VP
- Mary Fallin about Abortion
- Mary Fallin in Curlie (based on DMOZ)
- Women from the Oklahoma Legal Oral History Project - OSU Library
- AS. Congress (2007-2011)
- Biography at Directory of Congressional Biographies of the United States
- Financial information (federal office) at the Federal Electoral Commission
- Appearance in C-SPAN
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments